How to Care for Your Child with a Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
This leaflet will provide you with information about hand, foot and mouth disease causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and home care advice.
What is hand, foot and mouth disease?
- Hand, foot, and mouth disease is a common and mild infection mostly seen in kids under 7.
- It spreads easily in daycares and nurseries.
- It typically affects young children but can also affect anyone.
- It happens in the summer and early fall.
- Sometimes, adults can spread it without showing any symptoms.
What are the causes of hand, foot and mouth disease?
Hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by a virus called “coxsackievirus 16” and spreads from one child to another by:
- Respiratory droplets from the nose and mouth
- Fluid from blisters
- Touching surfaces that have been touched by an infected child
What are the symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease?
Children with hand, foot, and mouth disease may have these symptoms:
- Fever and sore throat
- Less energy
- Reduced appetite
- Rash that can be red, white, gray, or tiny bumps. The rash is not itchy but may sometimes form blisters, which may look different on different skin tones.
How is hand, foot and mouth disease diagnosed?
- A doctor will ask questions about the child’s health and do an exam.
- Hand, foot, and mouth disease is usually diagnosed by looking at the rash.
- If you know your child has been exposed to the virus, let the doctor know before scheduling an examination to help protect others.
How is hand foot and mouth disease treated?
- The virus itself does not need specific antibiotics or antiviral treatment.
- The treatment includes pain relievers for fever and pain, and using calamine lotion or cooling gels to reduce itching.
How can I care for my child at home?
- Avoid giving your child spicy, hot, or acidic foods that can worsen mouth sores.
- Do not give your child aspirin, as it can cause serious problems.
- Make sure they drink enough liquids to stay hydrated.
- Encourage them to wear socks or gloves to help prevent scratching, especially at bedtime.
- Teach them to wash their hands regularly.
- Keep them away from places where they might spread the illness to others.
When should I take my child to the doctor?
See a doctor if your child:
- Has a fever lasting more than 5 days
- Has a high fever over 39°C
- Is a baby less than 3 months old
- Isn’t getting better after 10 days
- Isn’t drinking enough liquids to stay hydrated
- Has severe itching or blistering
- Seems very tired or sleepy